Definition of Bio-Based Materials: Materials that utilize renewable biomass or/and are bio-manufactured
Bio-based materials refer to a new class of materials manufactured by biological, chemical, physical and other means using renewable biomass or (and) raw materials obtained through biological manufacturing, such as bioplastics, biomass high functional molecular materials, etc. Bio-based materials are different from traditional chemical material products produced from non-renewable petrochemical resources such as coal and petroleum. They have the characteristics of renewable raw materials, reduced carbon emissions, and energy conservation. Some categories also have good biodegradability. An important direction for the development of the international new material industry. Looking forward to the future, bio-based materials are expected to gradually replace traditional petroleum-based materials in some application fields, become a new type of industry leading technological innovation and economic development, and serve as the main way for green and low-carbon development and a highlight of low-carbon economic growth.
At present, common bio-based materials are bio-polymer materials or monomers obtained from renewable biomass such as grains, legumes, straw, bamboo and wood powder through biotransformation, and then further polymerized to form environmentally friendly chemical products and green energy, etc. Polymer materials, such as biogas, fuel ethanol, biodiesel and bioplastics. In addition, biobased materials can also be produced and obtained via engineered or engineered biological systems such as biomanufacturing, biosynthetic methods, and the like.
Classification of bio-based materials: There are many categories and subdivisions of bio-based materials
According to product attributes, bio-based materials can be divided into bio-based polymers, bio-based plastics, bio-based chemical fibers, bio-based rubber, bio-based coatings, bio-based material additives, bio-based composite materials and various bio-based materials. obtained products, etc. Among them, bio-based degradable materials have green, environmentally friendly, renewable and biodegradable characteristics that traditional petroleum-based plastics and other polymer materials do not have; bio-based fibers have been widely used in fashion, home, outdoor and industrial fields. It is gradually moving towards the stage of industrial-scale practical application and industrialization; bio-based plastic products have been well applied in the fields of packaging materials, disposable tableware and shopping bags, baby diapers, agricultural mulch films, textile materials, etc., and are generally recognized by the market. accept.
According to common product forms, bio-based materials can be mainly divided into five categories: bio-based platform compounds, bio-based plastics, polysaccharide-based bio-based materials, amino acid-based bio-based materials, and wood-plastic composite materials. Among them, bio-based platform compounds are chemical monomers that are polymerized into raw material polymers, such as lactic acid, 1,3-propanediol, etc. Bio-based plastics are currently the most widely used and well-researched bio-based materials, and representative products include polylactic acid, Polyhydroxyalkanoates, etc.
